Sprayer.



L. WYGODSKY.

SPRAYER.

APPLICATION FILED IAN. I5, 1911.

' Patented De.11,1917.

AT'TORNEY tures as hereinafter described and pointed LEON WYGODSKY, OFI. BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

SPRAYER.

T 0 all lwhom t may Concern:

Be it known that I, LEON WYGoDsKY, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Baltimore, Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sprayers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in sprayers, for example that type thereof employed for the injection of fuel into the cylinders of internal combustion engines. The

sprayer herein illustrated and described, embodies the invention of the sprayer illustrated in the application of Albert W. Gieske and myself, Serial No. 86,183, led March 23, 1916, in which application the said sprayer is stated to be of my invention. A But the sprayer herein described also embodies improvements upon the Sprayer illustrated in the said Gieske-Vygodsky application. As in the sprayer of that application, the spraying of the oil is effected in large degree by the pressure under which that oil is supplied to the sprayer; but in addition, in the improved sprayer herein illustrated and described, I provide a separate inlet for air or other suitable gas under high pressure,

which air or other gas is so employed in the sprayer as to materially improve the spraying of the oil, and in particular to spray the oil more inely and widely.L

My invention consists in the novel convstruction of the sprayer.; in novel means whereby the action of air or other gas under high pressure is added to the action of the pressure of the oil, for the wide and uniform'spraying of the oil, and in other feaout in the appended claims.

-The object of my invention is to improve sprayers, for example sprayers intended for the spraying of heavy oils into the cylinders y of internal combustion engines, and to make the sprayer relatively simple in construction, and extremely durable and reliable; also, to regulate automatically the rate of flow of air with variation of rate of supply of oil, and therebyveconomize in the use of.

air under pressure. n

I will now proceed to describe my 1nvention with reference to the yaccompanying drawings, and will then point out the novel y,

features in claims. In said drawings:

Figure l shows a longitudinal section of the sprayer;

Fig. 2 shows, on a larger scale, a longitu- Speciicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 11, 1917.

Application filed January 15, 191'7. serial No. 142,345.

dinal section of the lower portion of the sprayer;

Fig. 3 shows a transverse section of the My improved sprayer consists-of `an outer tube, 1, provided. with suitable means, as for example the enlarged screw threaded portion 2, for its attachment to the cylinder or cylinder head of an internal combustion engine. In Fig. 1, 3 designates a portionci a cylinder or cylinder head of an engine, 4 designates a sleeve threaded into a suitable port of that cylinder head, and flanged at its upper end', and -5 designates a coupling nut whereby the tube l is held in place within the sleeve 4. .y J

6 designates a tube forming in effect an extension of tube 1, and screw-connected at its lower end to said tube 1. 7 designates a plunger, within tubes 1 6, and itself preferably of two part construction, in that its upper portion, 8, 1s con-.

nected to the main portion, 7, by means of a sleeve 9 pinned at 10 to the portion 8 and fitting over a squared portion 11 of the main portion 7 of the plunger, the portion of the sleeve 9 which fits over the squared portion 11 being correspondingly squared so that rotation of the portion 8 'also rotates the portion 7. This plunger 7 is pressed downward by a spring 12 acting upon a small piston 13 fitting over a reduced portion of theplunger-section 8 and working in the tube 6 as a guide. At -its upper end, this spring 12 seats against a bushing 14 screwed into the upper end of the tube 6. The pressure exerted by the spring maybe regulated by turning this bushing 14.

bushing 15 has a reduced portion 16 at its lower end and works in an internal recess its lower end, is provided-,with the two series of spiral grooves 19 and 20, hereinafter referred to.

Bushings 16 and 17, and the cone 18, are

the plunger 7; such plunger 21 being pro-v vided, at its lower end, with a needle termination 23, adapted to coact with the spray orifice 24 of a spray tip 25; with the inner n cating pump) forces backward the plunger` coned surface 26 of which spray tip the end surface of the spray cone 18 coacts.

Tube 1 has two su ply connections 27 and 28, connectedwith ucts 29 and 30 respectively, of which 29 leads to the space between bushings 15 and 17, while. 30 leads to the space 3l between the end of tube 1 and spray tip25. Connection 27 may be understood to be for oil or other fluid, and connection 28 for air or other gas. The longer series of grooves 20 in the end of cone 18 (see Fig. 4) communicates With this space 31 and serves-to conduct air between the spray cone 18 and the spray tip 25, to the spray orifice 24. As will be apparent from Figs. 2, 3 and 5, the portion 16 of bushing 15 is shaped to provide passages 32 leading from space 33 (with which duct 29 connects) to a space 34 within bushing 17 and since the lower portion 35 of plunger 2O is ofV triangular crosssection, as indica-ted particularly in Fig. 3, spaces are provided for the downward flow, along that plungeroflluid from duct 29 into space 36, with which space the grooves 19 of the spray cone 18 communica-te.

The construction is such that oil or other fluid to be sprayed, admitted at connection 27, and thence flowing, through duct 29 and spaces 33, 32 and 34, will reach grooves 19. This fluid being supplied under pressure (and, preferably, being supplied intermittently by the successive strokes of a. recipro- 7 against the pressure of the spring 21 and, in so doing, raises the needle valve 23, so that such fluid passes from space 36 into the grooves 19 and thence out through spray orifice 24. Owing to the curvilinear form of the grooves 19, a rotation is imparted to the fluid so issuing through spray orifice 24. Air or other gas supplied by duct 30 to space 31 and thence to the grooves 20, issues with the fluid from duct 29, and owing to the curvilinear form of the grooves 20, aA rotation is imparted to this gas stream also. The air or other gas, and oil or other fluid mix very thoroughly, and the gas in rushing out and expanding serves to facilitate very greatly the wide spraying of the oil.

Since, as will be apparent from Fig. 5, the bushing 15, forming the lower termination of the plunger 7, has a bit or screwdriver engagement with the bushing 17, rotation of the `plunger 7 8 will ladjust the position of the spray cone 18 with reference to spray tip 25. Such rot-ation may be effected conveniently by means of the knurled head 37 at the upper end of the plunger7 a part of plunger 7; and bushing 17 is to be regarded as, in effect, a part of spray-cone 18.

Any oil which may leak past the plunger 7 will collect in the space between tube 6 and plunger member 8, and if any such leakage passes piston 13, it will escape through leakage port 39, to which port a suitable leakage pipe may be connected.

It 'will be understood that in the operation of this sprayer, and with the liquid to be sprayed supplied by the intermittent action of a. reciprocating pump, the plunger 7, and bushing 15, move back and forth slightly under the intermittent pressure of the liquid to be sprayed, opposed by the action of the spring 12; but the bushing 17 and spray cone 18, as well asthe spray tip 25 remain stationary (except as, by operation of the knurled head 37, .the bushing 17 and spray cone 18n1ay be rotated and therefore advanced or retracted, as the case may be, for

' adjustment of distance between the coacting surfaces of members 18 and 25). The small plunger 21, having the needle point 23, is flexibly connected to plunger 7 by means of i the spring 22, which serves the purpose of eliminating, as to said small plunger, the pressure of the much heavier spring 12 which acts upon the main plunger 7 8. In the operation of the sprayer, owing to the pulsating supply of the fluid to be sprayed, as previously explained, both the main plunger 7 8 and the small plunger 21, move back and forth, due to the pulsating action of the fluid sprayed upon them; the small plunger 21 moving back to open the port 24 so permitting exit of the fluid sprayed, and then closing that port 24 again as soon as the pressure of the liquid upon it has ceased.

This sprayer isnot restricted in any way to use with internal combustion engines, 4but may be used in reaction apparatus generally, for example, such apparatus as is shown and described in the said Gieske-lVygodsky application Sr. No. 86,183, above referred to; also this sprayer may be used in various other connections. Either a liquid or a gas may be supplied at either or both of the connections 27 and 28; that is to say, the sprayer may be used for the mingling not only of a gas with a. liquid, but of a gas with another gas, or of a liquid with another liquid. ln a word,the vsprayer is not limited to use with any particular substances orfor any particular reactions; and while T have termed it a sprayer, still it maybe used forgeneral mixing purposes Where mixing rather than spraying is the object. It will be noted that the two substances to be mixed together are kept entirely separate in the device until the extreme point of exit is reached; and thereby reactions within the device, of substances treated by that device, are avoided.

In particular, instead of supplying air under pressure at connection 28, oxygen or other gas under pressure may be admitted there, either to facilitate combustion of a liquid or gaseous substance admitted into connection 27, or to facilitate other reactions; for example, the cracking of hydrocarbon oils.

The sprayer herein illustrated and described embodies the invention of my Patent No. 971,954, dated October 4, 1910, but comprises various improvements in mechanicall construction, also means whereby -the sprayer is adapted for the mixing and conjoint spraying of a plurality of uids.

What I claim is:

1. A sprayer such as described, comprising a hollow sprayer'body, a perforate spray tip at one end of said body and a coacting spray-producing member within said .body and coacting with the inner surface of said spray tip, a plunger withinsaid coacting spray-producing member having a needle termination coacting with the orifice of said spray tip, and a further plunger within said sprayer body, and drivingly connected with said coacting spray-producing member to rotate the latter when itself rotated, said coacting spray-producing member arranged to be advanced or retracted with reference to the spray tip, when so rotated, and means for conducting fluid to the space between said spray tip and said coacting spray-producing member,

2. A sprayer suchv as described, comprising a hollow sprayer body, a perforate spray tip at one end of said body and a coacting spray-producing member within said body and coacting with the inner surface of said spray tip, a plunger within said coacting spray-producing member having a needle termination coacting with the orifice of said spray tip, a further plunger within said sprayer body, and drivingly connected with said coacting spray-producing member to rotate the latter when itselfA rotated, said coacting spray-producing member arranged to be advanced or retracted with reference to the spray tip, when so rotated, means for conducting uidto the space between said spray tip and said coacting spray producing member, and a. spring within a recess in said further plunger pressing said first-mentioned plunger outward.

3. A sprayer such as described, comprising a hollow sprayer body, a perforate spray tip at one end of said body and a coacting spray-producing member within said body and coacting with the inner surface of said spray tip, a plunger within said coacting spray-producing member having at needle termination coacting with the orifice of said spray tip, and a further plunger within said sprayer body, and drivingly connected with said coacting spray-producing member to rotate the latter when itself rotated, said coacting spray-producing member arranged ,to be advanced or retracted with reference to the spray tip, when so rotated, means for conducting fluid to the space between said spray tip and said coacting spray-producing member, and elastic pressure 'means within said sprayer body and surrounding said further plunger and tending to press the latter forward. v

4. A sprayer such as described, comprising a hollow sprayer body, a Iperforate spray tip 'at one end of said body and a coacting spray-producing member within rsaid body and coacting with the inner surface of said spray tip, a plunger within said coacting spray-producing member having a needle termination coacting with the orificeA of said spray tip, and a further plunger within said sprayer body and at one end projecting from the rear of such body and at its other end drivingly connected with said coacting spray-producing member to rotate the latter when itself rotated, said coacting sprayproducing member arranged to be advanced or retracted with reference to the spray tip, Y

when so rotated, and means for conducting Huid to the space between said spray tip and said coacting spray-producing member.

5. A sprayer such as described, comprising a hollow sprayer body, a perforate spray tip at one end of said body, and a coacting spray-producing member within said spray tip, and coacting with the inner surface of said spray tip, a plunger within said sprayer body and projecting therefrom at one end and at its other end drivingly connected l -with said coacting spray-producing member to rotate the latter when itself rotated, said coacting spray-producing member being arranged to be advanced or retracted, with reference to the :spray tip, when 'so rotated, and means for conducting fluid to the space between said spray tip and said coacting spray-producing member.

6. A sprayer such as described, comprlsing a hollow sprayer body, a perforate spray tip at one' end of said body, andra. coactingv spray-producing member within said spray tip, and coacting with' the inner surface of said spray tip, aplunger within said sprayer body and .projecting therefrom at one vend and at its other end drivingly connected with said coacting spray-producing` member to rotate the latter when itself rotated, said coacting spray-producing member being arranged to be advanced or retracted, with reference to the spray tip, when so rotated, and means for conducting Huid to the space between said spray tip and said coacting spray-producing member, and a piston within said sprayer body and mounted upon said plunger, said sprayer body having a leakageescape port.

7. A sprayer such as described, comprising a hollow sprayer body, a perforate spray tip at one end of said body, and a coacting spray-producing member within said spray tip, and coacting with the inner surface of said spray tip, a plunger within said sprayer body and projecting therefrom at one end and at its other end drivingly connected with said coacting spray-producing member to rotate the latter when itself rotated7 said coacting spray-producing member being arranged to be advanced or retracted, with reference to the spray tip, when so rotated, and means for conducting fluid to the space between said spray tip and said coacting spray-producing member, and a piston within said sprayer body and mounted upon said plunger, said sprayer body having a leakageescape port beyond said piston, a bushing surrounding the projecting portion of such plunger and fitting within the end of the sprayer body, to close the same, and a spring for said plunger bearing against said bushing and against said piston.

8. A sprayer such as described comprising a hollow sprayer body, a perforate spray-tip lat one end of said body and a coacting sprayprodncing member within said body and coacting with the inner surface of said spray tip, and means for introducing two different fluids under pressure between the coacting surfaces of said spray tip and said sprayproducing member, comprising ducts within said sprayer body leading to between the said tip andsaid coacting spray-producing member.

9. A sprayer such as described comprising a hollow sprayer body and a perforate spray tip at one end .of sai body, and a coacting spray-producing member within said body, there being between the coacting surfaces of said trip and coacting member two series of grooves leading to the orifice of said tip.-

10. A sprayer such as described comprising a hollow sprayervbody, and a perforate spray tip at one end of said body, and a coacting spray-producing member within said body, there being between the coacting surfaces of said tip and coacting member two series -of spiral grooves leading to the orifice of said tip.

asados? 1l. A sprayer such as described comprising a hollow sprayer body, and a perforate spray tip at one end of said body, a coacting spray-producing member within said body, a plunger within said coacting spray-producing member itself arranged to coact with the orifice of said spray` tip, there being between the coacting surfaces of said tip and coacting spray-producing member two grooves leading to the orifice of said tip, one of said grooves leading from the bore of the coacting spray-producing member within which such plunger works, the other'groove leading from another point, and means for conducting different fluids to be sprayed to the said spray-tip orifice, comprising ducts, one leadingto the bore through which such plunger works, and thence to the groove communicating with such bore, the other leading to the point from which such other groove leads.

1;?. A sprayer such as described, comprising a hollow sprayer body, a perforate spray tip at one end of said body and a coacting spray-prmlncing member within said body `eonneetion with said sprayer body whereby rotation of such coacting member advances or retraets 1t with reference to said spray tip` a further plunger within said sprayerA body and drivingly connected with said coacting` spray-producing member to rotate the latter when itself rotated, said plunger and enacting member formed to provide a channel for the flow of fluid to a space in said eoacting member, a duct for conducting fluid to sueh channel, a groove between the coactint,`- surfaces of said spray-producing member and said spray tip leading from such space to the orifice of said tip, another groove between the coacting surfaces of said spray tip and said spray-producing member leading from a further space to the orifice of the spray tip, and a further duct leading to such further space.

ln testimony whereof lf have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' LEON WYGODSKY. Witnesses:

H. M. MARBLE, PAUL H. FRANKE. 

